public class ThreadLocal<T> {
/**
* ThreadLocals rely on per-thread hash maps attached to each thread
* (Thread.threadLocals and inheritableThreadLocals). The ThreadLocal
* objects act as keys, searched via threadLocalHashCode. This is a
* custom hash code (useful only within ThreadLocalMaps) that eliminates
* collisions in the common case where consecutively constructed
* ThreadLocals are used by the same threads, while remaining well-behaved
* in less common cases.
*/
private final int threadLocalHashCode = nextHashCode();
/**
* The next hash code to be given out. Accessed only by like-named method.
*/
private static int nextHashCode = 0;
/**
* The difference between successively generated hash codes - turns
* implicit sequential thread-local IDs into near-optimally spread
* multiplicative hash values for power-of-two-sized tables.
*/
private static final int HASH_INCREMENT = 0x61c88647;
/**
* Compute the next hash code. The static synchronization used here
* should not be a performance bottleneck. When ThreadLocals are
* generated in different threads at a fast enough rate to regularly
* contend on this lock, memory contention is by far a more serious
* problem than lock contention.
*/
private static synchronized int nextHashCode() {
int h = nextHashCode;
nextHashCode = h + HASH_INCREMENT;
return h;
}
/**
* Creates a thread local variable.
*/
public ThreadLocal() {
}
/**
* Returns the value in the current thread's copy of this thread-local
* variable. Creates and initializes the copy if this is the first time
* the thread has called this method.
*
* @return the current thread's value of this thread-local
*/
public T get() {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
if (map != null)
return (T)map.get(this);
// Maps are constructed lazily. if the map for this thread
// doesn't exist, create it, with this ThreadLocal and its
// initial value as its only entry.
T value = initialValue();
createMap(t, value);
return value;
}
/**
* Sets the current thread's copy of this thread-local variable
* to the specified value. Many applications will have no need for
* this functionality, relying solely on the {@link #initialValue}
* method to set the values of thread-locals.
*
* @param value the value to be stored in the current threads' copy of
* this thread-local.
*/
public void set(T value) {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
if (map != null)
map.set(this, value);
else
createMap(t, value);
}
/**
* Get the map associated with a ThreadLocal. Overridden in
* InheritableThreadLocal.
*
* @param t the current thread
* @return the map
*/
ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
return t.threadLocals;
}
/**
* Create the map associated with a ThreadLocal. Overridden in
* InheritableThreadLocal.
*
* @param t the current thread
* @param firstValue value for the initial entry of the map
* @param map the map to store.
*/
void createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) {
t.threadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);
}
.......
/**
* ThreadLocalMap is a customized hash map suitable only for
* maintaining thread local values. No operations are exported
* outside of the ThreadLocal class. The class is package private to
* allow declaration of fields in class Thread. To help deal with
* very large and long-lived usages, the hash table entries use
* WeakReferences for keys. However, since reference queues are not
* used, stale entries are guaranteed to be removed only when
* the table starts running out of space.
*/
static class ThreadLocalMap {
........
}
}
可以看到ThreadLocal类中的变量只有这3个int型：
private final int threadLocalHashCode = nextHashCode();
private static int nextHashCode = 0;
private static final int HASH_INCREMENT = 0x61c88647;
而作为ThreadLocal实例的变量只有 threadLocalHashCode 这一个，nextHashCode 和HASH_INCREMENT 是ThreadLocal类的静态变量，实际上HASH_INCREMENT是一个常量，表示了连续分配的两个ThreadLocal实例的threadLocalHashCode值的增量，而nextHashCode 的表示了即将分配的下一个ThreadLocal实例的threadLocalHashCode 的值。
可以来看一下创建一个ThreadLocal实例即new ThreadLocal()时做了哪些操作，从上面看到构造函数ThreadLocal()里什么操作都没有，唯一的操作是这句：
private final int threadLocalHashCode = nextHashCode();
那么nextHashCode()做了什么呢：
private static synchronized int nextHashCode() {
int h = nextHashCode;
nextHashCode = h + HASH_INCREMENT;
return h;
}
就是将ThreadLocal类的下一个hashCode值即nextHashCode的值赋给实例的threadLocalHashCode，然后nextHashCode的值增加HASH_INCREMENT这个值。
因此ThreadLocal实例的变量只有这个threadLocalHashCode，而且是final的，用来区分不同的ThreadLocal实例，ThreadLocal类主要是作为工具类来使用，那么ThreadLocal.set()进去的对象是放在哪儿的呢？
看一下上面的set()方法，两句合并一下成为
ThreadLocalMap map = Thread.currentThread().threadLocals;
这个ThreadLocalMap 类是ThreadLocal中定义的内部类，但是它的实例却用在Thread类中：
1. public class Thread implements Runnable {
2. ......
3.
4. /* ThreadLocal values pertaining to this thread. This map is maintained
5. * by the ThreadLocal class. */
6. ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;
7. ......
8. }
再看这句：
if (map != null)
map.set(this, value);
也就是将该ThreadLocal实例作为key，要保持的对象作为值，设置到当前线程的ThreadLocalMap 中，get()方法同样大家看了代码也就明白了，ThreadLocalMap 类的代码太多了，我就不帖了，自己去看源码吧。